Spina bifida is a birth defect. It falls into the general category of neural tube defects. The defect occurs during the first month of the development of the embryo. The neural tube does not close. As a result, a number of possible spinal-related problems may occur. The degree of severity of these health problems depends upon the type of spina bifida. Essentially, there are 2 forms: spina bifida occulta and spina bifida manifesta. Of these 2 types, spina bifida occulta is the least problematic. It rarely requires treatment and is more benign than the other type. Spina manifesta may or may not be severe and does require treatment. Its subdivisions include meningocele and myelomeningocele. The latter is the most common subtype. In fact, sometimes the words spina bifida and myelomeningocele are used interchangeably. Myelomeningocele is also the most severe form of spina bifida. Babies born with this form tend to be hydrocephalic. There is usually some paralysis and there may be urinary tract problems. There may be bowel difficulties as well as learning issues. Individuals with myelomeningocele are affected for life. There is no cure for this medical problem. Support is available from various sources including the state and federal governments. Consult with a lawyer to see how a child with spina bifida may obtain disability benefits.